It established the U-Tsang and Do-kham regional military commissions and the Ngari Commanding Tribal Office to manage military and political affairs in U-Tsang, Qamdo and Ngari respectively.ĭuring the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), the central government exercised sound governance over Tibet. The central government of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) implemented a policy of multiple enfeoffment, conferring honorific titles such as "Prince", "Prince of Dharma", and "National Master in Tantrism" on political and religious leaders in various parts of Tibet. It also issued and enacted the Yuan criminal law and calendar in Tibet. It established the Supreme Control Commission of Buddhism (later renamed the Commission for Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs) to directly manage local affairs in the region, conducting censuses, setting up courier stations, collecting taxes, stationing troops and appointing officials. In the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368), the central government exercised jurisdiction and governance over Tibet. The Tubo Kingdom established in Tibet in the 7th century contributed significantly to the exploration of China's southwestern borders. Abundant archeological and academic research shows that in times of remote antiquity, the ancestral people inhabiting the Tibetan Plateau had close ties with the Han and other ethnic groups in terms of blood, language, and culture. The political, economic and cultural exchanges between Tibetans and other ethnic groups throughout history have had an important bearing on the development of the Tibetan people as an ethnic group. Tibet has developed through the combined efforts of all the ethnic groups in China, and these are the peoples who have created its history. The Chinese nation is a community of shared future. –Tibet has been an inseparable part of China since ancient times.Ĭhina is a unified multiethnic country with a long history. In the aftermath of the Opium Wars in the middle of the 19th century, the UK-led imperialist powers began to cultivate the idea of "Tibet independence", intentionally undermining China's sovereignty and territorial integrity. Tibet has been an integral part of Chinese territory since ancient times, and one of the main Tibetan-inhabited areas in China. This will help to counter the propaganda spread by a number of Western countries and their allies and provide the international community with a balanced account of the enormous transformation that has taken place in Tibet. On the occasion of the 70th anniversary of Tibet's peaceful liberation, we are publishing this white paper to review Tibet's history and achievements, and present a true and panoramic picture of the new socialist Tibet. A brand new socialist Tibet has taken shape. Enjoying a stable social environment, economic and cultural prosperity, and a sound eco-environment, the people now lead better lives and live in contentment. In the new era, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Xi Jinping at the core and with the vigorous support of the whole country, Tibet has eradicated extreme poverty.
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